Green-beard effect - Wikipedia
WEBThe green-beard effect is a form of selection in which individuals with genes that produce unique observable traits select individuals with the specific trait and thereby the same gene. In this illustration individuals selectively mate with individuals of the same head color.
GREENBEARDS | Evolution | Oxford Academic
WEBJan 1, 2010 · What Are Greenbeards? Darwin (1859) argued that natural selection favors those individuals that achieve greater reproductive success, and that this process leads organisms to appear designed as if to maximize their fitness relative to other individuals in the breeding population.
The greenbeard effect: Current Biology - Cell Press
WEBJun 3, 2019 · What is the greenbeard effect? The greenbeard effect is a driver of social evolution, and one of the three basic mechanisms of kin selection. It was first described in the 1960s, in the context of W.D. Hamilton’s work on the evolution of altruism and other social behaviours.
Kinship, Greenbeards, and Runaway Social Selection in the …
WEBIn contrast, at each greenbeard locus, there are four different possible greenbeard alleles (each producing a hypothetical unique phenotypic cue) that can mutate into the population. For each greenbeard allele, a matching falsebeard allele …
Altruism, Spite, and Greenbeards | Science - AAAS
WEBMar 12, 2010 · West and Gardner (p. 1341) review the current literature on the origins and maintenance of altruism and spite and the associated phenomenon of greenbeards. Greenbeards use a visible inherited character to signal relatedness and spur altruism.
GREENBEARDS - Gardner - 2010 - Evolution - Wiley Online Library
WEBJan 8, 2010 · Here, we distinguish between four different types of greenbeard, which differ in their evolutionary dynamics. We show that all four types exist, and that they differ in the ease with which they can be empirically detected.
WEBA greenbeard is a selfish genetic element, enhancing its own fitness in excess of other genes in the rest of the genome, and a greenbeard hypothesis therefore suggests ‘who benefits’ from the function of the gene, which could explain or predict unusual properties.
Green Beard Effect, The | SpringerLink
WEBJan 1, 2021 · Definition. A concept in social evolution theory where a single gene or a set of multiple tightly linked genes has two phenotypic effects: a trait that allows other individuals to recognize carriers of the gene (such as growing a greenbeard) and a behavioral trait whereby altruistic acts are directed toward others recognized as carriers.
WEBAltruism, Spite, and Greenbeards. Stuart A. West* and Andy Gardner* Hamilton’s theory of inclusive fitness showed how natural selection could lead to behaviors that decrease the relative fitness of the actor and also either benefit (altruism) or …
Fifty shades of greenbeard: robust evolution of altruism based on ...
WEBJun 14, 2023 · We study the evolution of altruistic behaviour under a model where individuals choose to cooperate by comparing a set of continuous phenotype tags.